Under the threat of flooding, how can we avoid infectious diseases?
The Hunan Provincial Chest Hospital reminds us that it is summer with high humidity and high temperature. It may be the peak of infectious disease outbreak about a week after the flood recedes. It is necessary to guard against cholera, bacterial dysentery, viral hepatitis A, typhoid fever, and paratyphoid fever. Such as intestinal infectious diseases; leptospirosis, epidemic hemorrhagic fever and other natural epidemic diseases; epidemic vector encephalitis, malaria and other vector-borne infectious diseases; red eye disease, dermatitis and other four types of contact diseases. Also pay attention to prevent food poisoning, pesticide poisoning and so on.
To avoid the occurrence of infectious diseases, it is recommended to do the following precautions.
- Pay attention to drinking water hygiene
Strengthen water source management to ensure water quality and drinking water hygiene. Waterworks must strictly manage the disinfection of drinking water, appropriately adjust the amount of chlorine added during floods, and ensure the sanitation of residents’ drinking water. Residents should not drink raw water, only boiled water or bottled water or bottled water that meets hygienic standards; tanks, buckets, pots, and basins filled with water must be kept clean and emptied and cleaned frequently; for well water, spring water, etc., Residents are best not to use it as drinking water. If they must be used, they must be disinfected with bleaching powder or bleaching tablets. For water sources or reservoirs that are flooded or contaminated by floods, they should be cleaned and repaired immediately, and re-stored and thoroughly disinfected before drinking.
Second, do a good job of vector control
Household garbage should be packed and sealed; add medicaments to kill maggots in the manure tank and pit; use indoor flies to kill the flies, and the food should be covered with a fly cover. Residents should use anti-mosquito products or mosquito nets to prevent mosquito bites. At the same time, a variety of measures such as mouse clips and sticky mouse boards can be used to eliminate rodents. Do not use highly toxic rat poisons. Due to the high water content at this time, highly toxic rat poisons are more likely to cause serious pollution.
- Personal hygiene
People in disaster-stricken areas should do a good job of personal hygiene and cleaning without rubbing their eyes with their hands, especially dirty hands. At the same time, change clothes frequently, wash with clean water after exposure to the flood, or use detergent to clean, wash and disinfect the clothes soaked in the flood thoroughly.
- Pay attention to food hygiene
Strictly implement the “ten nos” and put an end to “sickness”. That is, do not eat drowned or unexplained poultry and livestock meat; do not eat spoiled and spoiled food; do not use sewage to wash fruits and tableware; do not drink raw water; do not share towels and toothbrushes. In addition to paying attention to diet, it is best to eat vinegar and garlic at every meal, which not only increases the acidity in the stomach, but also enhances the defense capacity of the gastrointestinal tract.
The health and food supervision departments should strengthen the supervision of food hygiene, and all food stalls must strictly implement the Food Safety Law, and the sale of unhygienic food is strictly prohibited. Residents should not eat damp, mildewed, contaminated food, and drowned or unexplained poultry; all kinds of melons and fruits must be washed and peeled before eating; shrimp, crab and other aquatic products taste good, but do not Eat raw and cooked.
- In the endemic area of schistosomiasis, do not touch the water
The best way to prevent schistosomiasis is to avoid exposure to plague water. Before contacting the plague water, apply protective drugs, such as anti-hoe cream and leather to avoid enemies, and wear protective equipment, such as rubber boots, rubber gloves, rubber pants, etc., where it may come into contact with the plague water. If you come into contact with the epidemic water, you should take the initiative to go to the schistosomiasis control department and find that the infection should be treated early to prevent the disease.
Six, seek medical treatment early
If you experience diarrhea, vomiting and other uncomfortable symptoms, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible; if you have a group (more than 3 people) of food poisoning or unexplained disease, you should immediately report it to the local disease prevention and control center. Medical personnel in flood-stricken areas strengthened epidemic monitoring and medical observation, insisted on early detection, early reporting, early isolation, and early treatment to control the epidemic in the bud.